Most commonly, data collection involves interviews although observation and documentary data may also be used. As theory construction takes place concurrently with data collection and analyses, the theoretical sampling of new participants also occurs along with the emerging theoretical concepts. It usually starts with purposive sampling and later uses theoretical sampling to select participants who can best contribute to the developing theory. The theory is constructed or ‘grounded’ from the data of participants who have experienced the phenomenon under study. It aims to generate a theory that explains a social process, action or interaction. Constructivist GT associated with Charmaz in 2000s.Evolved GT associated with Strauss, Corbin and Clarke in 1990s.Traditional GT associated with Glaser and Strauss in 1967.Grounded theory (GT) was developed and evolved in three genres:
This methodology was developed by Glaser and Strauss from the University of California in the 1960s and is rooted in sociology. The “big three” qualitative approaches are:įurthermore, qualitative research has a rich tradition of various designs. Qualitative studies are flexible and iterative, but it should be under the methodological approach. Each methodology has explicit criteria for the collection, analysis and interpretation of data. There are various methodological approaches in qualitative study.
Methods, on the other hand, refer to techniques used to acquire and analyze data to create knowledge. Thus, it is a strategy of enquiry that guides a set of procedures and an overall framework to explain methods. It is the science of study of how research is done systematically. Methodology refers to ‘the theoretical, political and philosophical backgrounds to social research and their implications for research practice and for the use of particular research methods. The research design is the plan or strategy researchers use to answer the research question, which is underpinned by philosophy, methodology and methods. Qualitative research is generally used as a broad umbrella term for a range of research methodologies, with differing epistemological assumptions. Qualitative study deals with the universe of meanings, beliefs, motivations, aspirations, values, perceptions and human feelings obtained with research participants in their subjectivity and living contexts. 4 How Do I Choose Qualitative Methodology/Approach?.
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